生物技术进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (4): 532-538.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2021.0198
高维崧(), 窦金萍, 韦双, 刘兴健, 张志芳, 李轶女()
收稿日期:
2021-12-23
接受日期:
2022-01-27
出版日期:
2022-07-25
发布日期:
2022-08-10
通讯作者:
李轶女
作者简介:
高维崧 E-mail:caasgaows@163.com;
基金资助:
Weisong GAO(), Jinping DOU, Shuang WEI, Xingjian LIU, Zhifang ZHANG, Yinyu LI()
Received:
2021-12-23
Accepted:
2022-01-27
Online:
2022-07-25
Published:
2022-08-10
Contact:
Yinyu LI
摘要:
CRISPR技术作为一种新型的基因编辑技术,被广泛应用于微生物、动物和植物领域。对CRISPR/Cas系统的起源、分类特点等进行了阐述,重点梳理了CRISPR/Cas系统分类的发展历程,并根据最新分类方法,介绍了不同类型的CRISPR/Cas系统的作用机制、内部不同蛋白的作用特点及应用与发展,以期探寻更多的CRISPR/Cas系统,扩大该系统的应用领域。
中图分类号:
高维崧, 窦金萍, 韦双, 刘兴健, 张志芳, 李轶女. CRISPR/Cas系统的分类及研究现状[J]. 生物技术进展, 2022, 12(4): 532-538.
Weisong GAO, Jinping DOU, Shuang WEI, Xingjian LIU, Zhifang ZHANG, Yinyu LI. Classification and Research Status of CRISPR/Cas Systems[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2022, 12(4): 532-538.
大类 | 型 | 亚型 | 包含的Cas蛋白 |
---|---|---|---|
第一大类 | Ⅰ型 | Ⅰ⁃A、Ⅰ⁃B、Ⅰ⁃C、Ⅰ⁃D、Ⅰ⁃E、Ⅰ⁃F1、Ⅰ⁃F2、Ⅰ⁃F3 | Cas1、Cas2、Cas3、Cas4、Cas5、Cas6、Cas7、Cas8 |
Ⅲ型 | Ⅲ⁃A、Ⅲ⁃B、Ⅲ⁃C、Ⅲ⁃D、Ⅲ⁃E、Ⅲ⁃F | Cas1、Cas2、Cas5、Cas6、Cas7、Cas10、Cas11 | |
Ⅳ型 | Ⅳ⁃A、Ⅳ⁃B、Ⅳ⁃C | Cas1、Cas2、Cas5、Cas6、Cas7 | |
第二大类 | Ⅱ型 | Ⅱ⁃A、Ⅱ⁃B、Ⅱ⁃C1、Ⅱ⁃C2 | Cas1、Cas2、Cas4、Cas9 |
Ⅴ型 | Ⅴ⁃A、Ⅴ⁃B1、Ⅴ⁃B2、Ⅴ⁃C、Ⅴ⁃D、Ⅴ⁃E、Ⅴ⁃F1、Ⅴ⁃F1(Ⅴ⁃U3)、Ⅴ⁃F2、Ⅴ⁃F3、Ⅴ⁃G、Ⅴ⁃U1、Ⅴ⁃U2、Ⅴ⁃U4、Ⅴ⁃K(Ⅴ⁃U5) | Cas1、Cas2、Cas4、Cas12 | |
Ⅵ型 | Ⅵ⁃A、Ⅵ⁃B1、Ⅵ⁃B2、Ⅵ⁃C、Ⅵ⁃D | Cas1、Cas2、Cas13 |
表1 CRISPR/Cas系统包含的亚型与蛋白[13]
Table 1 Subtypes and proteins contain in CRISPR /Cas systems[13]
大类 | 型 | 亚型 | 包含的Cas蛋白 |
---|---|---|---|
第一大类 | Ⅰ型 | Ⅰ⁃A、Ⅰ⁃B、Ⅰ⁃C、Ⅰ⁃D、Ⅰ⁃E、Ⅰ⁃F1、Ⅰ⁃F2、Ⅰ⁃F3 | Cas1、Cas2、Cas3、Cas4、Cas5、Cas6、Cas7、Cas8 |
Ⅲ型 | Ⅲ⁃A、Ⅲ⁃B、Ⅲ⁃C、Ⅲ⁃D、Ⅲ⁃E、Ⅲ⁃F | Cas1、Cas2、Cas5、Cas6、Cas7、Cas10、Cas11 | |
Ⅳ型 | Ⅳ⁃A、Ⅳ⁃B、Ⅳ⁃C | Cas1、Cas2、Cas5、Cas6、Cas7 | |
第二大类 | Ⅱ型 | Ⅱ⁃A、Ⅱ⁃B、Ⅱ⁃C1、Ⅱ⁃C2 | Cas1、Cas2、Cas4、Cas9 |
Ⅴ型 | Ⅴ⁃A、Ⅴ⁃B1、Ⅴ⁃B2、Ⅴ⁃C、Ⅴ⁃D、Ⅴ⁃E、Ⅴ⁃F1、Ⅴ⁃F1(Ⅴ⁃U3)、Ⅴ⁃F2、Ⅴ⁃F3、Ⅴ⁃G、Ⅴ⁃U1、Ⅴ⁃U2、Ⅴ⁃U4、Ⅴ⁃K(Ⅴ⁃U5) | Cas1、Cas2、Cas4、Cas12 | |
Ⅵ型 | Ⅵ⁃A、Ⅵ⁃B1、Ⅵ⁃B2、Ⅵ⁃C、Ⅵ⁃D | Cas1、Cas2、Cas13 |
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