生物技术进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (2): 189-200.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2024.0138

• 进展评述 • 上一篇    

噬菌体基因工程技术与应用研究进展

焦耀萱, 李敏(), 屈昕雅, 刘恬伶, 生秀梅, 周晓祥()   

  1. 江苏大学医学院,江苏 镇江 212013
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-22 接受日期:2024-12-27 出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-04-29
  • 通讯作者: 周晓祥
  • 作者简介:李敏 E-mail: limin@ujs.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2023M731366);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20230527)

Advances on Phage Genetic Engineering Technology and Applications

Yaoxuan JIAO, Min LI(), Xinya QU, Tianling LIU, Xiumei SHENG, Xiaoxiang ZHOU()   

  1. School of Medicine,Jiangsu University,Jiangsu Zhenjiang 212013,China
  • Received:2024-08-22 Accepted:2024-12-27 Online:2025-03-25 Published:2025-04-29
  • Contact: Xiaoxiang ZHOU

摘要:

抗生素耐药性已成为全球人类健康面临的重大威胁,医药、工业、农业生产以及生态等领域均受到多重耐药菌的严重威胁。多重耐药菌感染逐渐呈现高发病率、高死亡率的趋势。噬菌体可以特异性裂解多重耐药病原菌,然而由于噬菌体宿主谱狭窄、基因组中含有不利基因等因素的制约,当前只有部分噬菌体成功应用于防治多重耐药菌感染等领域。噬菌体基因工程具有可编辑、高效等优势,为拓宽噬菌体宿主谱、设计“安全、绿色、高效”的新型噬菌体提供了理论基础。综述了噬菌体基因工程技术的研究进展,以及噬菌体在临床抗耐药菌感染、农业生产和生态环境等方面的实际应用,为噬菌体的定向改造及其在各领域中的有效应用提供了理论支持和参考。

关键词: 噬菌体, 基因重组, 基因编辑, 多重耐药, 噬菌体疗法

Abstract:

Antibiotic resistance has become one of the most critical threats to global health. The emergence of multi-drug resistant bacterial infections has led to increasingly high morbidity and mortality rates across medical, industrial, agricultural, and ecological domains. Phages can specifically lyse multi-drug resistant pathogens. However, due to their narrow host range, the presence of unfavorable genes in their genomes, and other limitations, only a limited number of phages have been successfully applied to combat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. With editable and efficient features, phage genetic engineering provides a promising approach for expanding phage host ranges and designing "safe, green, and efficient" novel phages. This review systematically summarized recent advances in phage genetic engineering technologies while highlighting their practical applications in clinical therapies against drug-resistant infections, agricultural production, and ecological remediation. These insights established theoretical foundations for phage modification and their effective utilization in diverse fields.

Key words: bacteriophage, genetic recombination, genome editing, multidrug resistance, phage therapy

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