食品中农药残留的新型生物检测技术研究进展

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2022.0171

生物技术进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (1): 1-10.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2022.0171

• 食品安全检测专题 • 下一篇

食品中农药残留的新型生物检测技术研究进展

雷豆豆¹^,²(), 马润然¹, 王伽伯¹, 孔维军¹()

^1.首都医科大学中医药学院，北京 100069
^2.成都中医药大学药学院，成都 611137

收稿日期:2022-10-25 接受日期:2023-01-06 出版日期:2023-01-25 发布日期:2023-02-07
通讯作者: 孔维军
作者简介:雷豆豆 E-mail: 229396220@qq.com;
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(82274089)

Research Progress on New Biological Detection Technology for Pesticide Residues in Foods

Doudou LEI¹^,²(), Runran MA¹, Jiabo WANG¹, Weijun KONG¹()

^1.School of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Capital Medical University，Beijing 100069，China
^2.Pharmacy College，Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Chengdu 611137，China

Received:2022-10-25 Accepted:2023-01-06 Online:2023-01-25 Published:2023-02-07
Contact: Weijun KONG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

食品安全是关系国计民生的重大战略问题。农药残留（简称农残）是造成食品质量与安全问题的重要因素。食品中农药残留不仅发生率高，而且超标严重，涉及范围广，长期接触或食用含有农药残留的食品会危害人体健康。传统的农残分析技术已经很难满足多样化食品安全检测的实际需求，现代新型生物技术因特异性强、灵敏度高、简单快速等优势，在食品的农残检测中得到广泛应用和持续发展。分析了食品中农药残留及检测技术现状，综述了酶联免疫吸附测定法、荧光免疫法和生物条形码免疫法等分析技术，及电化学、光学、压电传感器等生物传感技术在食品农残检测中的应用进展，讨论了各种技术的优势和局限，以期为相关研究提供参考，从而进一步提高我国食品农残的检测效率，保障食品安全，促进我国食品行业的可持续发展。

关键词: 食品安全, 农药残留, 生物技术, 免疫分析, 生物传感器

Abstract:

Food safety is a major strategic issue related to the national economy and people's livelihood. Pesticide residue is an important factor. Pesticides residues in foods not only occur at a high rate， but also exceed the standard severely and involve a wide range. Long-term exposure or consumption of food containing pesticide residues can endanger human health. Traditional techniques for analyzing pesticides in foods have been difficult to meet the actual needs of diversified food safety tests， and modern novel biotechnology has been widely used and continuously developed in the detection of pesticide residues in food due to the advantages of high specificity， high sensitivity and accurate results. This paper analyzed the current situation of pesticide contamination and the corresponding detection technologies in foods， then reviewed the application progress of immunoassay techniques， such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay， fluorescence immunoassay and biobarcode immunoassay， and biosensing techniques including electrochemical， optical and piezoelectric sensors in the detection of pesticide residues in food， and discussed the advantages and limitations of various techniques with a view to providing relevant research. The advantages and limitations of various techniques were discussed with the aim of providing references for relevant research， improving the quality and efficiency of pesticide residue detection in food in China， making it more useful and valuable for people's dietary safety， and promoting the sustainable development of China's food industry.

Key words: food safety, pesticide residues, biotechnology, immunoassay, biosensors

中图分类号:

S481

雷豆豆, 马润然, 王伽伯, 孔维军. 食品中农药残留的新型生物检测技术研究进展[J]. 生物技术进展, 2023, 13(1): 1-10.

Doudou LEI, Runran MA, Jiabo WANG, Weijun KONG. Research Progress on New Biological Detection Technology for Pesticide Residues in Foods[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2023, 13(1): 1-10.

图/表 3

图1 双联ELISA法检测毒死蜱和倍硫磷[12]

Fig. 1 Detection of chlorpyrifos and fenthion by double ELISA[12]

图2 生物条形码免疫法检测三唑磷[19-21]A：竞争性生物条形码免疫PCR荧光定量分析三唑磷小分子农药[19]；B：基于多修饰AuNPs和荧光信号放大的竞争型生物条形码扩增免疫分析法检测三唑磷[20]；C：基于反复DNA-RNA杂交循环和核糖核酸酶H分解荧光团的生物条形码免疫分析法同时检测三唑磷[21]。mAbs—单克隆抗体；hapten—半抗原；OVA—卵清蛋白；AuNPs—金纳米粒子；MNP—磁性纳米粒子；OVA-hapten—卵白蛋白连接的半抗原； thiol-capped DNA—烷基硫醇封端的DNA； barcode DNA —生物编码DNA；BSA—牛血清白蛋白；DTT—二硫苏糖醇；Quenched 6-FAM—淬灭的6-羧基荧光素； 6-FAM-ssDNA—6-羧基荧光素标记的单链巯基寡核苷酸；RNase H—核糖核酸酶H。

Fig. 2 Detection of triazophos by biological bar code immunoassay[19-21]

图3 基于压电传感器检测农药[40-41]A：基于双模板印迹仿生树枝状纳米纤维的压电传感器检测滴滴涕和六氯苯；B：BNT-BKT-BT压电免疫传感器检测西维因；TDD-2,5-噻吩二酰氯；CHN—半抗原偶联

Fig. 3 Pesticide detection based on piezoelectric sensor[40-41]

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食品中农药残留的新型生物检测技术研究进展

Research Progress on New Biological Detection Technology for Pesticide Residues in Foods

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