关键词: 狂犬病毒, 暴露后预防, 中和抗体

Abstract: Rabies is a zoonotic infectious disease. The mortality rate of humans and animals is almost 100% after onset, and effective post-exposure preventive measures can reduce the risk of death to zero. According to the WHO recommended rabies post-exposure prophylaxis program, general rabies-exposed people need to be vaccinated, and in severe cases, they must be injected with anti-rabies virus neutralizing antibodies at the same time. Neutralizing antibodies that commonly used  are equine anti-rabies virus immunoglobulin and human anti-rabies virus immunoglobulin, but both have the risk of causing allergic reactions or blood diseases. Humanized anti-rabies virus neutralizing antibodies are expected to replace immunoglobulins for post-exposure prophylaxis because of their advantages of high safety, low cost, and mass production. The development of genetic engineering antibody technology has accelerated the process of antibody humanization. This article reviewed the development of anti-rabies virus neutralizing antibodies, the advantages and disadvantages of different types of neutralizing antibodies, and the future research expectations of neutralizing antibodies, which was expected to provide reference for research of the development of new generation rabies vaccine.

Key words: rabies virus, post-exposure prophylaxis, neutralizing antibody