氧化应激与废用性肌萎缩研究进展

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2023.0025

生物技术进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4): 524-533.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2023.0025

• 进展评述 • 上一篇

氧化应激与废用性肌萎缩研究进展

李世明¹^,²(), 张鹏³, 赵鹏翔¹, 谢飞¹, 陈晓萍²(), 刘梦昱¹()

^1.北京工业大学环境与生命学部，北京 100124
^2.中国航天员科研训练中心，人因工程重点实验室，北京 100080
^3.中国航天员科研训练中心，航天医学基础与应用国家重点实验室，北京 100080

收稿日期:2023-03-01 接受日期:2023-04-11 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-08-03
通讯作者: 陈晓萍,刘梦昱
作者简介:李世明 E-mail: 1317907921@qq.com；
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32171173)

Research Progress of Oxidative Stress and Disuse Muscular Atrophy

Shiming LI¹^,²(), Peng ZHANG³, Pengxiang ZHAO¹, Fei XIE¹, Xiaoping CHEN²(), Mengyu LIU¹()

^1.Faculty of Environment and Life，Beijing University of Technology，Beijing 100124，China
^2.National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering，China Astronaut Research and Training Center，Beijing 100080，China
^3.State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application，China Astronaut Research and Training Center，Beijing 100080，China

Received:2023-03-01 Accepted:2023-04-11 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-08-03
Contact: Xiaoping CHEN,Mengyu LIU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

骨骼肌具有高度可塑性，可根据功能需求发生改变。活动水平的降低或停用，通常会导致肌萎缩和代谢功能障碍。因肌肉负荷急剧下降和神经激活受到抑制而导致的骨骼肌质量损失，通常被称为废用性肌萎缩。骨骼肌的收缩活性、高耗氧量和代谢使其持续产生适量的氧化物质，如活性氧(reactive oxygen species，ROS)。当氧化产物超过抗氧化防御能力时，机体就会进入氧化应激状态。在骨骼肌长期停用期间，氧化应激至少通过3种方式增加蛋白质的降解，或在起始水平阻碍mRNA翻译抑制蛋白质合成，从而促进骨骼肌萎缩。随着我国航天事业的迅速发展，失重状态下的废用性肌萎缩也是航天医学亟待解决的问题。概述了废用性肌萎缩以及氧化应激在废用性肌萎缩中的作用，以期为废用性肌萎缩的临床治疗与实践提供有价值的参考。

关键词: 废用性肌萎缩, 氧化应激, 活性氧, 蛋白质降解

Abstract:

Skeletal muscle has a high degree of plasticity， which can be changed according to the functional needs. Decreased or discontinued activity usually leads to muscle atrophy and metabolic dysfunction. The loss of skeletal muscle mass due to a dramatic decrease in muscle load and inhibition of nerve activation is commonly referred as disuse muscle atrophy. The contractile activity， high oxygen consumption and metabolism of skeletal muscle enable it to continuously produce appropriate amounts of oxidizing substances， such as reactive oxygen species（ROS）. When the oxidation products exceed the antioxidant defense ability， the body will enter a state of oxidative stress. During long-term skeletal muscle discontinuation， oxidative stress promotes skeletal muscle atrophy by increasing the degradation of protein in at least three ways， or by inhibiting mRNA translation and inhibiting protein synthesis at the initial level. With the rapid development of space industry in China， disuse muscle atrophy in weightlessness is also an urgent problem to be solved in space medicine. The specific purpose of this study was to outline disuse muscle atrophy and the role of oxidative stress in disuse muscle atrophy， in order to provide valuable reference for the clinical treatment and practice of disuse muscle atrophy.

Key words: disuse muscular atrophy, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, protein degradation

中图分类号:

Q958

李世明, 张鹏, 赵鹏翔, 谢飞, 陈晓萍, 刘梦昱. 氧化应激与废用性肌萎缩研究进展[J]. 生物技术进展, 2023, 13(4): 524-533.

Shiming LI, Peng ZHANG, Pengxiang ZHAO, Fei XIE, Xiaoping CHEN, Mengyu LIU. Research Progress of Oxidative Stress and Disuse Muscular Atrophy[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2023, 13(4): 524-533.

图/表 2

图1 氧化应激促进骨骼肌蛋白质降解的主要方式

Fig. 1 Major ways in which oxidative stress promotes protein degradation in skeletal muscle

图2 氧化应激抑制骨骼肌蛋白质合成的主要方式注：IGF-1—胰岛素样生长因子1；IGF-1R—胰岛素样生长因子1受体；IRS1—胰岛素受体底物1；PI3K—磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶；AKT—蛋白激酶B；mTOR—雷帕霉素哺乳动物靶标；S6K1—蛋白激酶1；4EBP1—真核翻译起始因子-4E结合蛋白1。

Fig. 2 Major ways in which oxidative stress inhibits skeletal muscle protein synthesis

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氧化应激与废用性肌萎缩研究进展

Research Progress of Oxidative Stress and Disuse Muscular Atrophy

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