亚磷酸脱氢酶在基因工程改造微生物和植物中的研究进展

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2023.0157

生物技术进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (2): 173-181.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2023.0157

• 进展评述 •

亚磷酸脱氢酶在基因工程改造微生物和植物中的研究进展

孙佳琪¹^,²(), 郭嘉², 张闯², 柳青², 王梓钰², 夏涵超², 钱步轩², 赵方方², 王棋², 刘剑锋¹(), 刘相国²()

^1.吉林师范大学生命科学学院，吉林四平 136000
^2.吉林省农业科学院（中国农业科技东北创新中心）农业生物技术研究所，长春 130033

收稿日期:2023-12-07 接受日期:2024-01-04 出版日期:2024-03-25 发布日期:2024-04-17
通讯作者: 刘剑锋,刘相国
作者简介:孙佳琪E-mail: 1094233375@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32171928);吉林省农业科学院（中国农业科技东北创新中心）基本科研经费项目(KYJF2023DX006);吉林省农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2023RCG006)

Research Progress of Phosphite Dehydrogenase in Genetically Engineered Microorganisms and Plants

Jiaqi SUN¹^,²(), Jia GUO², Chuang ZHANG², Qing LIU², Ziyu WANG², Hanchao XIA², Buxuan QIAN², Fangfang ZHAO², Qi WANG², Jianfeng LIU¹(), Xiangguo LIU²()

^1.College of Life Sciences，Jilin Normal University，Jilin Siping 136000，China
^2.Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology，Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences （Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China），Changchun 130033，China

Received:2023-12-07 Accepted:2024-01-04 Online:2024-03-25 Published:2024-04-17
Contact: Jianfeng LIU,Xiangguo LIU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，农业生产面临磷源匮乏和环境污染的双重挑战，亚磷酸脱氢酶（phosphite dehydrogenase, PTDH）的发现和应用为解决这一问题提供了新的思路。在微生物中，PTDH使得非无菌环境下的高效发酵成为可能，降低了成本并提高了生产效率。在植物中，PTDH不仅解决了磷源问题，还为除草剂的开发提供了新的途径。此外，亚磷酸盐可作为一种潜在的除草剂和磷源使用，相比传统除草剂更环保、成本更低、稳定性更好。尽管亚磷酸脱氢酶的应用研究取得了显著进展，但目前仍处于功能解析和概念验证阶段，对亚磷酸脱氢酶的催化机理、蛋白结构和酶活改良等方面的研究还需进一步深入。综述了PTDH在微生物、模式植物（如拟南芥和烟草）、经济作物（如棉花和油菜）以及粮食作物（如水稻和玉米）中的应用进展。随着蛋白质定向进化技术、基因转化和基因编辑技术的发展，未来将进一步优化亚磷酸脱氢酶的应用效果，为作物的高效利用亚磷酸盐和环境保护提供更多可能。

关键词: 亚磷酸脱氢酶, 磷源, 基因工程, 微生物, 植物

Abstract:

In recent years， agricultural production is facing the dual challenges of phosphorus deficiency and environmental pollution. The discovery and application of phosphite dehydrogenase （PTDH） provides a new idea to solve this problem. In microorganisms， PTDH makes efficient fermentation in non-sterile environments possible， reducing costs and increasing production efficiency. In plants， PTDH not only solves the problem of phosphorus source， but also provides a new way for the development of herbicides. In addition， the use of phosphite as a potential herbicide and phosphorus source is more environmentally friendly， low cost and stable than traditional herbicides. Although significant progress has been made in the application of phosphite dehydrogenase， the current research is still in the stage of functional analysis and conceptual verification. The research on the catalytic mechanism， protein structure and enzyme activity improvement of phosphite dehydrogenase needs to be further studied. This study reviewed the application of PTDH in microorganisms， model plants （such as Arabidopsis and tobacco）， cash crops （such as cotton and rapeseed） and food crops （such as rice and corn）. In the future， with the development of protein directed evolution technology， gene transformation and gene editing technology， the application effect of phosphite dehydrogenase will be further optimized， which will provide more possibilities for efficient utilization of phosphite and environmental protection of crops.

Key words: phosphite dehydrogenase, phosphorus source, genetic engineering, microorganism, plant

中图分类号:

Q789

孙佳琪, 郭嘉, 张闯, 柳青, 王梓钰, 夏涵超, 钱步轩, 赵方方, 王棋, 刘剑锋, 刘相国. 亚磷酸脱氢酶在基因工程改造微生物和植物中的研究进展[J]. 生物技术进展, 2024, 14(2): 173-181.

Jiaqi SUN, Jia GUO, Chuang ZHANG, Qing LIU, Ziyu WANG, Hanchao XIA, Buxuan QIAN, Fangfang ZHAO, Qi WANG, Jianfeng LIU, Xiangguo LIU. Research Progress of Phosphite Dehydrogenase in Genetically Engineered Microorganisms and Plants[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2024, 14(2): 173-181.

图/表 4

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基因来源	植物种类	目标性状及意义	参考文献
施氏假单胞菌WM88 （Pseudomonas sp. WM88）	拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）	转基因模式植物能代谢亚磷酸盐，为后续开发亚磷酸盐作为除草剂提供基础	[52-53]
施氏假单胞菌WM88	烟草（Nicotiana tabacum）	转基因模式植物代谢亚磷酸盐，将亚磷酸盐作为新的磷源	[52]
施氏假单胞菌WM88	棉花（Gossypium spp.）	建立ptxD/Phi筛选体系，作为除草剂	[54]
施氏假单胞菌WM88	油菜（Brassica napus）	使其代谢亚磷酸盐，为后续油菜利用亚磷酸盐作为磷肥奠定基础	[55]
罗尔斯通菌 4506 （Ralstonia 4506）	水稻（Oryza sativa）	作为筛选标记基因，增加了筛选效率，而且降低了对自然的安全隐患	[2]
施氏假单胞菌WM88	玉米（Zea mays）	建立ptxD/Phi选择标记系统，虽然转基因玉米能代谢亚磷酸盐，但愈伤组织的转化频率不高，后续需要对例如亚磷酸盐浓度等进行改进	[56]

基因来源	植物种类	目标性状及意义	参考文献
施氏假单胞菌WM88 （Pseudomonas sp. WM88）	拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）	转基因模式植物能代谢亚磷酸盐，为后续开发亚磷酸盐作为除草剂提供基础	[52-53]
施氏假单胞菌WM88	烟草（Nicotiana tabacum）	转基因模式植物代谢亚磷酸盐，将亚磷酸盐作为新的磷源	[52]
施氏假单胞菌WM88	棉花（Gossypium spp.）	建立ptxD/Phi筛选体系，作为除草剂	[54]
施氏假单胞菌WM88	油菜（Brassica napus）	使其代谢亚磷酸盐，为后续油菜利用亚磷酸盐作为磷肥奠定基础	[55]
罗尔斯通菌 4506 （Ralstonia 4506）	水稻（Oryza sativa）	作为筛选标记基因，增加了筛选效率，而且降低了对自然的安全隐患	[2]
施氏假单胞菌WM88	玉米（Zea mays）	建立ptxD/Phi选择标记系统，虽然转基因玉米能代谢亚磷酸盐，但愈伤组织的转化频率不高，后续需要对例如亚磷酸盐浓度等进行改进	[56]

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亚磷酸脱氢酶在基因工程改造微生物和植物中的研究进展

Research Progress of Phosphite Dehydrogenase in Genetically Engineered Microorganisms and Plants

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