生物技术进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (5): 647-654.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2022.0104

• 油菜遗传育种专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

油菜耐盐碱种质鉴定与品种选育研究进展

高桂珍1(), 翟云孤2, 张鲁斌1, 常金梅1, 罗海华1, 伍晓明2()   

  1. 1.嘉应学院生命科学学院,广东省山区特色农业资源保护与精准利用重点实验室,广东 梅州 514015
    2.中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点开放实验室,武汉 430062
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-15 接受日期:2022-08-05 出版日期:2022-09-25 发布日期:2022-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 伍晓明
  • 作者简介:高桂珍E-mail:gaoguiz0610@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国农业科学院科技创新工程重大科研任务(CAAS-ZDRW202105);广东省自然科学基金项目(2021A1515012523)

Advances on Germplasm Identification and Variety Breeding to Saline-alkali Stress of Rapeseed

Guizhen GAO1(), Yungu ZHAI2, Lubin ZHANG1, Jinmei CHANG1, Haihua LUO1, Xiaoming WU2()   

  1. 1.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Areas,School of Life Science,Jiaying University,Guangdong Meizhou 514015,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430062,China
  • Received:2022-06-15 Accepted:2022-08-05 Online:2022-09-25 Published:2022-09-30
  • Contact: Xiaoming WU

摘要:

盐碱地作为有效的耕地后备资源,其整治和利用尤为重要。油菜是世界上重要的油料作物,也是用于开发利用盐碱地的重要作物之一。从渗透调节物质、抗氧化酶活性、光合作用参数以及盐碱胁迫相关基因报道等方面分析了油菜响应盐碱胁迫的生理生化和分子机制,全面阐述了油菜苗期、营养生长期和成熟期耐盐碱种质的鉴定方法和优异资源筛选,概述了耐盐碱油菜品种选育和推广利用的最新状况,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望,为油菜耐盐碱新品种培育提供理论基础和育种思路。

关键词: 油菜, 耐盐碱性, 生理机制, 分子机制, 鉴定, 品种选育

Abstract:

As an effective reserve land resource of cultivated land, the regulation and utilization of saline alkali land is particularly important. Rapeseed is an important oil crop in the world, which is one of the few crops used to develop and utilize in saline-alkali fields. In this paper, the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms of rapeseed response to saline alkali stress were analyzed from the aspects of osmotic regulators, antioxidant enzyme activities, photosynthetic parameters and reports of genes related to saline alkali stress. The identification methods were comprehensively expounds and excellent germplasm of saline alkali tolerant were screened during the seedling stage, vegetative growth stage and mature stage of rapeseed. The latest status of variety selection and utilization of saline alkali tolerant rapeseed were summarized, and the research direction in the future was prospected. It was expected to provide the theoretical basis and breeding ideas for the cultivation of new saline-alkali tolerant varieties in rapeseed.

Key words: rapeseed, saline-alkali tolerant, physiological mechanism, molecular mechanisms, identification, variety breeding

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