生物技术进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (3): 486-494.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2024.0188

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

陆地棉萌发期抗旱性评价方法及石河子垦区优质种质资源筛选

杨京京1(), 宁克伟1, 王明娟2, 唐秉辉1, 蔡俊玲1, 刘爱萍2, 谢晓东1()   

  1. 1.石河子农业科学研究院,新疆 石河子 832000
    2.玛纳斯县农牧业技术推广中心,新疆 昌吉 832200
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-27 接受日期:2025-01-21 出版日期:2025-05-25 发布日期:2025-07-01
  • 通讯作者: 谢晓东
  • 作者简介:杨京京 E-mail: 136116346@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆生产建设兵团第八师科技计划项目(2023NY05);新疆生产建设兵团自然科学支持计划项目(2024DA025);新疆生产建设兵团第九师科技计划项目(2022J005)

The Evaluation Method for Drought Resistance During the Germination Period of Upland Cotton and Screening of High-quality Germplasm Resources in the Shihezi Reclamation Area

Jingjing YANG1(), Kewei NING1, Mingjuan WANG2, Binghui TANG1, Junling CAI1, Aiping LIU2, Xiaodong XIE1()   

  1. 1.Shihezi Agricultural Science Research Institute,Xinjiang Shihezi 832000,China
    2.Manasi County Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center,Xinjiang Changji 832200,China
  • Received:2024-11-27 Accepted:2025-01-21 Online:2025-05-25 Published:2025-07-01
  • Contact: Xiaodong XIE

摘要:

为探究陆地棉萌发期形态指标与抗旱性之间的关联,并筛选抗旱能力突出的优质种质资源,采用聚乙二醇-6000(polyethylene glycol-6000,PEG-6000)高渗溶液模拟干旱胁迫,以蒸馏水为对照,对石河子垦区34份棉花品种(系)进行系统的抗旱性评估。结果表明,3种评价方法(培养皿滤纸发芽法抗旱性评价、发芽盒沙培法抗旱性评价、烧杯双浓度滤纸法抗旱性评价)均能有效鉴定棉花萌发期的抗旱性。基于隶属函数的综合评价,确定相对发芽势、相对发芽率及相对萌发指数为快速评估抗旱性的关键指标,抗旱性强的材料占44.1%(15份)。依据萌发期抗旱行业标准,抗旱性极强材料占32.4%(11份)。基于双浓度PEG-6000评价方法,抗旱性1级材料占11.8%(4份)。3种方法均一致鉴定出抗旱性极强的材料4份,分别为新陆早79、新陆早84、H16和新早棉107。综合考虑方法的普适性及操作便捷性,推荐使用双浓度PEG-6000评价方法作为陆地棉抗旱性鉴定的首选方案。

关键词: 抗旱评价, 萌发期, 高渗溶液, 种质资源

Abstract:

To investigate the relationship between morphological indicators during the germination stage and drought resistance in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), and to identify elite germplasm resources with superior drought tolerance, this study applied polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000) to simulate drought stress through hypertonic solution, with distilled water as the control. A systematic drought resistance evaluation was performed on 34 cotton varieties (lines) from the Shihezi Reclamation Area. The results indicated that three evaluation methods (the Petri dish filter paper germination method for drought resistance assessment, the germination box sand culture method for drought resistance assessment, and the beaker dual-concentration filter paper method for drought resistance assessment) could effectively identify the drought resistance of cotton during the germination stage. Through comprehensive assessment using membership function analysis, the relative germination vigor, relative germination rate, and relative germination index emerged as key indicators for rapid evaluation, with 44.1% (15 varieties) exhibiting strong drought tolerance. According to the industry standard for germination-stage drought resistance, 32.4% (11 varieties) showed extreme drought tolerance. Using the dual-concentration PEG-6000 method, 11.8% (4 varieties) achieved Level 1 drought resistance classification. All three methods consistently identified four varieties—Xinluzao 79, Xinluzao 84, H16, and Xinzaomian 107—as having exceptional drought resistance. Considering methodological universality and operational simplicity, the dual-concentration PEG-6000 evaluation method is recommended as the preferred approach for drought resistance assessment in upland cotton.

Key words: drought resistance evaluation, germination stage, hypertonic solution, germplasm resources

中图分类号: