胡椒扦插苗对涝渍胁迫的生理响应

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2023.0053

生物技术进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4): 565-574.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2023.0053

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

胡椒扦插苗对涝渍胁迫的生理响应

杨华庚¹(), 黎彬¹, 李娜¹, 杨毅敏¹, 吴友根¹^,²

^1.海南大学热带作物学院，海口 570228
^2.海南大学三亚南繁研究院，海南崖州湾种子实验室，海南三亚 572025

收稿日期:2023-04-15 接受日期:2023-06-07 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-08-03
作者简介:杨华庚 E-mail: hg-yang@163.com
基金资助:
国家林草局推广示范基金项目（〔2020〕TG 02）;作物学学科优秀本科生创新人才培养计划课题(ZWCX2018040)

Physiological Response of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cutting Seedlings to Waterlogging Stress

Huageng YANG¹(), Bin LI¹, Na LI¹, Yimin YANG¹, Yougen WU¹^,²

^1.College of Tropical Crops，Hainan University，Haikou 570228，China
^2.Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory，Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University，Hainan Sanya 572025，China

Received:2023-04-15 Accepted:2023-06-07 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-08-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究了胡椒扦插苗对涝渍胁迫的生理响应机制，旨在为胡椒抗涝渍栽培提供科学依据。以维持田间持水量的70%±5%为对照处理，采用双套盆法对生产上常用的胡椒扦插苗进行涝渍胁迫处理，分别测定涝渍胁迫1、3、6、9 d的超氧阴离子产生速率、过氧化氢和丙二醛含量、抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质和光合色素含量以及根系活力的变化。结果表明，涝渍胁迫1 d，胡椒扦插苗的脯氨酸含量比对照处理增加了27.24%，与对照组相比差异不显著（P>0.05），而超氧阴离子产生速率、叶绿素b、过氧化氢和丙二醛含量则明显上升，并显著高于对照组（P<0.05），其他生理参数测定值不同程度地低于对照处理，此时胡椒根尖开始褐变并坏死，而地上的植株部分没有受害症状，叶片仍呈深绿色。涝渍胁迫3 d，胡椒扦插苗的可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸和总叶绿素含量有小幅增加，但与对照组相比差异不显著（P>0.05）。SOD、POD活性明显上升，并显著高于对照组，叶绿素b含量虽有所降低，但仍显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。超氧阴离子产生速率、过氧化氢、丙二醛含量明显下降，但仍高于对照组，而超氧阴离子产生速率和丙二醛含量与对照组相比差异不显著（P>0.05），其他生理参数测定值不同程度地低于对照处理。此时，胡椒扦插苗的少部分根系已腐烂，少量的叶片褪绿变黄，无明显的萎蔫现象。涝渍胁迫6 d，胡椒扦插苗的SOD、POD、CAT、APX活性、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量、叶绿素a/b和类胡萝卜素/总叶绿素比值以及根系活力不同程度地下降，并显著低于对照，而超氧阴离子产生速率、脯氨酸含量、叶绿素a和b含量、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量、过氧化氢和丙二醛含量均有不同程度地上升，并显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。此时，胡椒扦插苗的绝大部分或全部根系已腐烂，大部分叶片或几乎全部叶片出现枯萎、变黄、脱落，最终植株死亡。研究结果表明，胡椒扦插苗对涝渍胁迫敏感，易受涝渍危害。试验结果初步揭示了胡椒怕涝渍的生理响应机制。

关键词: 胡椒, 涝渍胁迫, 生理响应机制, 敏感性

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to explore the physiological response mechanism of black pepper in response to waterlogging stress and provide scientific basis for preventing waterlogging stress injury of black pepper. Black pepper cutting seedlings which is used commonly in black pepper production were treated with pot waterlogging to investigate the effects of waterlogging stress on the production rate of superoxide anion， the content of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde， the activity of antioxidant enzymes， the content of osmoregulation substances and photosynthetic pigments， and root activity at the 1st， 3rd， 6th， 9th day of the 9-day waterlogging treatment， respectively. Maintain 70%±5% of the field water capacity was used as the control group. The results indicated that when the plant was waterlogged for 1 day， the proline content of black pepper cutting seedlings increased by 27.24% compared to the control group， and there was no significant difference compared with the control group， while the superoxide anion production rate， the content of chlorophyll b（Chl b）， hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde increased significantly， and the difference were significant. And other measured physiological parameter value was lower than the control group to varying degrees. Meanwhile， the root tip of black pepper cutting seedlings began to brown and necrosis， while plants above ground part in black pepper cutting seedlings showing no symptoms of waterlogging injury were observed， and the leaves were still dark green. When the plant was waterlogged for 3 days， the content of soluble protein， proline and total chlorophyll of black pepper cutting seedlings increased slightly， and there was no significant difference compared with the control group. The activities of SOD and POD increased significantly and were significantly higher than that of the control group. Although Chl b content decreased， it was still higher than that of the control group. The superoxide anion production rate， the content of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde decreased significantly， but still higher than the control group. However， superoxide anion production rate， malondialdehyde content had no significant difference compared with the control group. And other measured physiological parameter value was lower than the control group to varying degrees. Meanwhile， a few roots of black pepper cutting seedlings had rotted out， a small number of leaves turned from green to yellow， and there was no obvious wilting phenomenon. For 6 days after waterlogging， the activities of SOD， POD， CAT and APX，the content of soluble protein and soluble sugar， the ratio of Chl a to Chl b （Chl a/b） and carotenoid to total chlorophyll in black pepper cutting seedlings leaves decreased to varying degrees and were significantly lower than that of the control group， while the superoxide anion production rate， proline content， the content of Chl a and Chl b， the content of total chlorophyll and carotenoid， the content of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde were increased to varying degrees and were significantly higher than that of the control group. Meanwhile， all roots of black pepper cutting seedlings had rotted away， and most or almost all the leaves wither， turn yellow， fall off and finally died. The results showed that there are sensitive to waterlogging stress and susceptible to waterlogging damage. The physiological response mechanism of black pepper cutting seedlings afraid of waterlogging was preliminarily revealed.

Key words: black pepper （Piper nigrum L.）, waterlogging stress, physiological response mechanism, sensibility

中图分类号:

S565.2

杨华庚, 黎彬, 李娜, 杨毅敏, 吴友根. 胡椒扦插苗对涝渍胁迫的生理响应[J]. 生物技术进展, 2023, 13(4): 565-574.

Huageng YANG, Bin LI, Na LI, Yimin YANG, Yougen WU. Physiological Response of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cutting Seedlings to Waterlogging Stress[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2023, 13(4): 565-574.

图/表 8

图1 涝渍胁迫对胡椒扦插苗植株形态的影响

Fig. 1 Effect of waterlogging stress on root morphology in black pepper cutting seedlings

图2 涝渍胁迫对胡椒扦插苗叶片超氧阴离子产生速率和过氧化氢含量的影响注：不同小写字母表示在P<0.05水平上差异具有统计学意义。

Fig. 2 Effects of waterlogging stress on superoxide anion production and hydrogen peroxide content in leaves of black pepper cutting seedlings

图3 涝渍胁迫对胡椒扦插苗叶片丙二醛含量的影响注：不同小写字母表示在P<0.05水平上差异具有统计学意义。

Fig. 3 Effects of waterlogging stress on malondialdehyde content in leaves of black pepper cutting seedlings

图4 涝渍胁迫对胡椒扦插苗叶片中SOD、POD、CAT和APX活性的影响注：不同小写字母表示在P<0.05水平上差异具有统计学意义。

Fig. 4 Effects of waterlogging stress on the activities of SOD, POD, CAT and APX in leaves of black pepper cutting seedlings

图5 涝渍胁迫对胡椒扦插苗叶片可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量的影响注：不同小写字母表示在P<0.05水平上差异具有统计学意义。

Fig. 5 Effects of waterlogging stress on the contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar and proline content in leaves of black pepper cutting seedlings

图6 涝渍胁迫对胡椒扦插苗叶片根系活力的影响注：不同小写字母表示在P<0.05水平上差异具有统计学意义。

Fig. 6 Effects of waterlogging stress on root activity in leaves of black pepper cutting seedlings

表1 涝渍胁迫对胡椒扦插苗光合色素含量的影响

Table 1 Effect of waterlogging stress on photosynthetic pigment content in leaves of black pepper cutting seedlings

涝渍胁迫时间/d	叶绿素a含量/(mg·g^-1)	叶绿素b含量/(mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a/b	总叶绿素含量/(mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素含量/(mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素/总叶绿素
CK	1.709±0.096 b	0.515±0.108 c	3.394±0.519 a	2.223±0.222 c	0.675±0.014 b	0.306±0.043 a
1	1.254±0.062 c	0.877±0.063 b	1.432±0.031 c	2.131±0.125 c	0.623±0.008 c	0.293±0.013 ab
3	1.626±0.103 b	0.737±0.129 b	2.232±0.236 b	2.363±0.230 c	0.664±0.020 b	0.283±0.025 ab
6	2.045±0.048 a	1.538±0.146 a	1.339±0.096 c	3.583±0.194 a	0.726±0.017 a	0.203±0.006 c
9	1.915±0.005 a	0.824±0.029 b	2.326±0.076 b	2.739±0.034 b	0.704±0.002 a	0.257±0.004 b

表2 胡椒扦插苗指标间的相关性分析

Table 2 The correlation analysis between indicators of black pepper cutting seedlings

指标	X1	X2	X3	X4	X5	X6	X7	X8	X9	X10	X11	X12	X13	X14	X15	X16	X17
X1	1
X2	0.634^*	1
X3	0.379	0.740^**	1
X4	-0.181	-0.605^*	-0.622^*	1
X5	-0.526^*	-0.769^**	-0.414	0.405	1
X6	-0.116	0.404	0.746^**	-0.464	-0.134	1
X7	-0.090	-0.517^*	-0.767^**	0.829^**	0.200	-0.823^**	1
X8	-0.574^*	-0.585^*	-0.682^**	0.668^**	0.180	-0.461	0.775^**	1
X9	-0.745^**	-0.830^**	-0.816^**	0.530^*	0.533^*	-0.528^*	0.654^**	0.827^**	1
X10	-0.731^**	-0.905^**	-0.833^**	0.536^*	0.613^*	-0.534^*	0.611^*	0.763^**	0.972^**	1
X11	0.079	-0.654^**	-0.745^**	0.693^**	0.437	-0.835^**	0.769^**	0.372	0.489	0.571^*	1
X12	-0.700^**	-0.055	0.240	-0.461	0.183	0.588^*	-0.544^*	-0.015	0.186	0.149	-0.668^**	1
X13	0.097	-0.640^*	0.482	-0.837^**	-0.397	0.275	-0.561^*	-0.402	-0.335	-0.410	-0.681^**	0.500	1
X14	-0.293	0.384	0.433	-0.773^**	-0.163	0.476	-0.638^*	-0.266	-0.121	-0.188	-0.778^**	0.830^**	0.898^**	1
X15	-0.581^*	-0.893^**	-0.570^*	0.587^*	0.678^*	-0.130	0.329	0.440	0.618^*	0.703^**	0.520^*	0.025	-0.789^**	-0.495	1
X16	-0.636^*	0.004	0.306	-0.554^*	0.139	0.597^*	-0.598^*	-0.051	0.114	0.084	-0.667^**	0.928^**	0.547^*	0.824^**	0.001	1
X17	0.161	-0.504	-0.494	0.715^**	0.265	-0.465	0.593^*	0.309	0.223	0.303	0.797^**	-0.746^**	-0.895^**	-0.956^**	0.627^*	-0.663^**	1

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胡椒扦插苗对涝渍胁迫的生理响应

Physiological Response of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cutting Seedlings to Waterlogging Stress

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