关键词: 线粒体自噬, PINK1/Parkin途径, 负向调控, 帕金森症

Abstract: Mitophagy refers to the process of specifically removing damaged or redundant mitochondria, and it is an important mitochondrial quality control mechanism. Dysfunction or excessive activation of mitophagy will destroy mitochondrial homeostasis, affect body health and even lead to death. The mechanisms of positive regulation of mitophagy found in yeast and mammalian cells were mainly discussed. In yeast, mitophagy was mediated by autophagy-related protein 32 (Atg32), while there were mainly three regulatory pathways of mitophagy in mammals: PTEN-induced kinase 1(PTEN-induced kinase 1, PINK1)/E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin pathway, NIP3-like protein X(NIP3-like protein X, Nix) pathway and FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (UNDC1) pathway. In addition, several newly discovered mitophagy receptors could also mediate mitochondrial specific clearance. Moreover, the mechanisms of negative regulation of mitophagy, which were seldom studied at present, were reviewed. Finally, the relationship between abnormal mitophagy and human diseases (such as Parkinsons disease) was discussed. The molecular mechanism of the occurrence of mitophagy was in-depth analyzed in order  to provide theoretical basis for further research on the treatment of diseases related to abnormal mitophagy.

Key words: mitophagy, PINK1/Parkin pathway, negative regulation, Parkinsons disease