植物毛状根研究及应用

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2023.0147

生物技术进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (3): 341-348.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2023.0147

• 进展评述 •

植物毛状根研究及应用

邹凯()

广检检测技术（武汉）有限公司，武汉 430200

收稿日期:2023-11-14 接受日期:2024-03-21 出版日期:2024-05-25 发布日期:2024-06-18
作者简介:邹凯 E-mail: 455016597@qq.com

Research and Application of Plant Hairy Root

Kai ZOU()

Guangzhou Inspection Testing and Certification （GITC） Testing Technology （Wuhan） Co. ，Ltd. ，Wuhan 430200，China

Received:2023-11-14 Accepted:2024-03-21 Online:2024-05-25 Published:2024-06-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

发根农杆菌侵染植物诱导产生分枝呈毛状、生长迅速的不定根，通常称为毛状根。毛状根具有生长快、遗传性稳定、不需要外源激素也能自主生长、能够合成次生代谢产物等特点，通过优化培养条件可以实现提高次生代谢物产量的目的。简要阐述了发根农杆菌诱导植物形成毛状根的机理，着重介绍了毛状根合成次级代谢产物的影响因素以及近5年毛状根在合成次生代谢产物、环境修复和植株再生方面的应用，并对毛状根培养过程中存在的问题进行总结，旨在为毛状根相关研究和应用提供参考。

关键词: 发根农杆菌, 毛状根, 次生代谢产物

Abstract:

After the infection of Agrobacterium rhizogenes， a large number of fast-growing adventitious roots were induced in plants， usually called hairy roots. Hairy roots were characterized by rapid growth， stable heredity， growth autonomously without the addition of exogenous hormones and synthesis of secondary metabolites. By optimizing the cultivation conditions， the goal of increasing the yield of secondary metabolites was achieved. The mechanism of hairy roots induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes in plants was briefly explained in this paper. The influence factors of the synthesis of secondary metabolites in hairy roots and the application of hairy roots in the synthesis of secondary metabolites， environmental remediation， and plant regeneration in the past 5 years were emphatically introduced. The problems existing in the cultivation process of hairy roots were summarized， aiming to provide reference for the research and application in hairy roots.

Key words: Agrobacterium rhizogenes, hairy roots, secondary metabolites

中图分类号:

Q945

邹凯. 植物毛状根研究及应用[J]. 生物技术进展, 2024, 14(3): 341-348.

Kai ZOU. Research and Application of Plant Hairy Root[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2024, 14(3): 341-348.

图/表 1

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植物名	次生代谢产物	生物学活性	参考文献
曼陀罗（Algerian Datura）	生物碱	镇痛、抑制肿瘤	[35]
黄瓜（Cucumis anguria L.）	黄酮醇、羟基肉桂酸、对羟基苯甲酸	抗炎、治疗糖尿病、防腐剂	[36]
鼠尾草（Salvia viridis L.）	迷迭香酸	抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤	[37]
欧洲菘蓝（Isatis tinctoria L.）	芦丁、槲皮素、异鼠李素和异甘草素	保肝、抗氧化	[38]
金盏花（Calendula officinalis L.）	齐墩果酸型皂苷	抗肿瘤、降血糖	[39]
西洋参（Panax quinquefolius L.）	人参皂苷	抗过敏、治疗糖尿病	[40]
胡卢巴（Trigonella foenum-graecum L.）	薯蓣皂素	降血糖、抑制肝脏纤维化	[41]
车前叶蓝蓟（Echium plantagineum L.）	紫草素、乙酰紫草素	抗癌、抗炎	[42]
留兰香（Mentha spicata L.）	迷迭香酸、咖啡酸、绿原酸、肉桂酸	抗氧化、保护心血管	[43]
党参（Codonopsis pilosula）	皂苷	免疫调节、降胆固醇	[44]
黄芪（Astragalus membranaceus）	黄芪皂苷	治疗糖尿病、心血管疾病	[45]
金铁锁（Psammosilene tunicoides）	皂皮酸、丝石竹皂苷元、丝石竹皂苷元-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸甲酯	镇痛、抗血管生成活性	[46]
鳢肠（Eclipta prostrata L.）	蟛蜞菊内酯、去甲基蟛蜞内酯、3,5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸	治疗肝炎、抗癌	[47]
短小蛇根草（Ophiorrhiza pumila）	喜树碱	抗肿瘤	[48]
积雪草（Centella asiatica）	积雪草苷、羟基积雪草苷、积雪草酸和羟基积雪酸	消炎、治疗风湿性关节炎	[49]
獐牙菜[Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H. Karst.]	甲基獐牙菜酮、1,2,5,6-四羟基山酮	调节免疫力、抗血栓	[50]
山羊豆（Galega officinalis L.）	山羊豆碱	治疗糖尿病	[51]
姜黄（Curcuma longa L.）	姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素、双脱甲氧基姜黄素	保肝、保护心血管	[52]
马兜铃（Aristolochia manshuriensis）	木兰花碱	抗病毒、镇痛	[53]
远志（Polygala tenuifolia Willd）	聚半乳糖蒽酮Ⅲ、3,6-二芥子酰基蔗糖、远志皂苷B、远志皂苷F	抗肿瘤、抗衰老	[54]
小酸浆（Physalis minima L.）	醉茄素A	抗炎、抗肿瘤	[55]
西兰花（Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck）	萝卜硫苷、萝卜硫素	抗癌	[56]

植物名	次生代谢产物	生物学活性	参考文献
曼陀罗（Algerian Datura）	生物碱	镇痛、抑制肿瘤	[35]
黄瓜（Cucumis anguria L.）	黄酮醇、羟基肉桂酸、对羟基苯甲酸	抗炎、治疗糖尿病、防腐剂	[36]
鼠尾草（Salvia viridis L.）	迷迭香酸	抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤	[37]
欧洲菘蓝（Isatis tinctoria L.）	芦丁、槲皮素、异鼠李素和异甘草素	保肝、抗氧化	[38]
金盏花（Calendula officinalis L.）	齐墩果酸型皂苷	抗肿瘤、降血糖	[39]
西洋参（Panax quinquefolius L.）	人参皂苷	抗过敏、治疗糖尿病	[40]
胡卢巴（Trigonella foenum-graecum L.）	薯蓣皂素	降血糖、抑制肝脏纤维化	[41]
车前叶蓝蓟（Echium plantagineum L.）	紫草素、乙酰紫草素	抗癌、抗炎	[42]
留兰香（Mentha spicata L.）	迷迭香酸、咖啡酸、绿原酸、肉桂酸	抗氧化、保护心血管	[43]
党参（Codonopsis pilosula）	皂苷	免疫调节、降胆固醇	[44]
黄芪（Astragalus membranaceus）	黄芪皂苷	治疗糖尿病、心血管疾病	[45]
金铁锁（Psammosilene tunicoides）	皂皮酸、丝石竹皂苷元、丝石竹皂苷元-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸甲酯	镇痛、抗血管生成活性	[46]
鳢肠（Eclipta prostrata L.）	蟛蜞菊内酯、去甲基蟛蜞内酯、3,5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸	治疗肝炎、抗癌	[47]
短小蛇根草（Ophiorrhiza pumila）	喜树碱	抗肿瘤	[48]
积雪草（Centella asiatica）	积雪草苷、羟基积雪草苷、积雪草酸和羟基积雪酸	消炎、治疗风湿性关节炎	[49]
獐牙菜[Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H. Karst.]	甲基獐牙菜酮、1,2,5,6-四羟基山酮	调节免疫力、抗血栓	[50]
山羊豆（Galega officinalis L.）	山羊豆碱	治疗糖尿病	[51]
姜黄（Curcuma longa L.）	姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素、双脱甲氧基姜黄素	保肝、保护心血管	[52]
马兜铃（Aristolochia manshuriensis）	木兰花碱	抗病毒、镇痛	[53]
远志（Polygala tenuifolia Willd）	聚半乳糖蒽酮Ⅲ、3,6-二芥子酰基蔗糖、远志皂苷B、远志皂苷F	抗肿瘤、抗衰老	[54]
小酸浆（Physalis minima L.）	醉茄素A	抗炎、抗肿瘤	[55]
西兰花（Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck）	萝卜硫苷、萝卜硫素	抗癌	[56]

[1]	王立雯, 王江坤, 王冰冰, 徐剑宏, 史建荣, 刘馨. 镰刀菌毒素在植物与病原菌互作过程中的作用[J]. 生物技术进展, 2024, 14(2): 182-188.
[2]	刘欢,黄丽娜,张奋强,姜梦嫣,周义杰,陈思源,王有年,杨明峰,马兰青,. RNA-Seq高通量测序技术在果树功能基因组学研究的应用进展[J]. 生物技术进展, 2017, 7(2): 144-148.
[3]	黄艳,朱红惠. 一株陆生耐盐珊瑚球菌次生代谢产物的研究[J]. 生物技术进展, 2016, 6(4): 271-276.
[4]	胡海英,吴晓玲. 银柴胡离体培养与毛状根诱导技术初步研究[J]. 生物技术进展, 2015, 5(6): 436-440.
[5]	黄艳, 胡建伟, 朱红惠. 粘细菌次生代谢产物中大环类化合物的研究进展[J]. 生物技术进展, 2012, 2(4): 263-269.

植物毛状根研究及应用

Research and Application of Plant Hairy Root

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