桑枝木屑栽培茶树菇配方研究

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2024.0126

生物技术进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (6): 952-956.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2024.0126

• 食药用菌生物技术专题 • 上一篇下一篇

桑枝木屑栽培茶树菇配方研究

李海康¹^,²(), 胡清秀², 邹亚杰²(), 郑素月¹()

^1.河北工程大学园林与生态工程学院，河北邯郸 056107
^2.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，北京 100081

收稿日期:2024-07-11 接受日期:2024-09-27 出版日期:2024-11-25 发布日期:2024-12-27
通讯作者: 邹亚杰,郑素月
作者简介:李海康 E-mail：lihaikang97@163.com
基金资助:
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-20)

Research on the Formula of Agrocybe aegerita Cultivated with Mulberry Wood Chips

Haikang LI¹^,²(), Qingxiu HU², Yajie ZOU²(), Suyue ZHENG¹()

^1.Department of Gardens and Ecological Engineering，Hebei University of Engineering，Hebei Handan 056107，China
^2.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China

Received:2024-07-11 Accepted:2024-09-27 Online:2024-11-25 Published:2024-12-27
Contact: Yajie ZOU,Suyue ZHENG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

桑树在我国种植广泛，每年修剪下来的枝条利用率低。桑枝木屑中含有的纤维素、半纤维素、木质素等成分，是食用菌生长的理想基质原料。研究不同桑枝木屑添加量复配其他基质成分对茶树菇（Agrocybe aegerita）菌丝生长状态、子实体产量、形态、生物学效率及经济效益的影响，可为新型栽培基质的应用提供理论依据。以茶树菇为试材，按20%、40%、60%和80%不同添加量的桑枝木屑进行栽培试验，不添加桑枝木屑的处理作为对照组（CK）。结果显示，添加不同比例桑枝木屑复配的配方均促进了菌丝生长，提高了子实体产量和生物学效率。当添加量为80%时，生物学效率比CK提高了17.06%，投入产出比为1∶2.25。在这项研究中，使用桑枝木屑栽培茶树菇，降低了生产成本，提高了生物学效率及投入产出比，增加了茶树菇栽培的原料供应，减少了桑枝对环境造成的污染和资源浪费。

关键词: 桑枝木屑, 茶树菇, 栽培配方, 经济效益

Abstract:

Mulberry trees are widely planted in China， and the branches pruned every year are under-utilised. The cellulose， hemicellulose， lignin and other components contained in the wood chips of mulberry branches are just the ideal substrate raw materials for the growth of edible fungi. To study the effects of different mulberry twig wood chips additions on the mycelial growth status， fruiting body yield， morphology， biological efficiency and economic benefits of tea tree mushrooms （Agrocybe aegerita）， and to provide a theoretical basis for the application of new cultivation substrates. Agrocybe aegerita were used as test material for the cultivation experiment at different additions of mulberry wood chips at 20%， 40%， 60% and 80%， with no addition of mulberry wood chips as control （CK）. The addition of different proportions of mulberry wood chips promoted mycelial growth and increased fruiting body yield and biological efficiency. At 80%， the biological efficiency was 17.06% higher than that of CK， and the input-output ratio was 1∶2.25. In this study， the use of mulberry wood shavings instead of cottonseed husk for cultivation of Agrocybe aegerita reduced the cost of production， improved the biological efficiency and the input-output ratio， and increased the supply of raw materials for the cultivation of Agrocybe aegerita， avoiding the pollution of mulberry twigs to the environment and the waste of resources.

Key words: mulberry wood chips, Agrocybe aegerita, cultivation formula, economic benefit

中图分类号:

Q949.3

李海康, 胡清秀, 邹亚杰, 郑素月. 桑枝木屑栽培茶树菇配方研究[J]. 生物技术进展, 2024, 14(6): 952-956.

Haikang LI, Qingxiu HU, Yajie ZOU, Suyue ZHENG. Research on the Formula of Agrocybe aegerita Cultivated with Mulberry Wood Chips[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2024, 14(6): 952-956.

图/表 4

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配方	棉籽壳	木屑	玉米芯	桑枝木屑	麦麸	石灰
CK	80%	0	0	0	19%	1%
A1	10%	20%	30%	20%	19%	1%
A2	20%	20%	0	40%	19%	1%
A3	0	20%	0	60%	19%	1%
A4	0	0	0	80%	19%	1%

配方	棉籽壳	木屑	玉米芯	桑枝木屑	麦麸	石灰
CK	80%	0	0	0	19%	1%
A1	10%	20%	30%	20%	19%	1%
A2	20%	20%	0	40%	19%	1%
A3	0	20%	0	60%	19%	1%
A4	0	0	0	80%	19%	1%

配方	菌丝平均生长速度/（mm·d^-1）	菌丝生长势
CK	1.97±0.28 d	++
A1	3.29±0.31 a	+++
A2	2.22±0.15 c	++
A3	2.79±0.38 b	++
A4	3.29±0.14 a	+++

配方	菌丝平均生长速度/（mm·d^-1）	菌丝生长势
CK	1.97±0.28 d	++
A1	3.29±0.31 a	+++
A2	2.22±0.15 c	++
A3	2.79±0.38 b	++
A4	3.29±0.14 a	+++

配方	菌柄长度/cm	菌柄直径/cm	菌盖直径/cm	数量/个	第一潮菇产量/g	第一潮菇生物学效率/%
CK	13.89±2.67 a	1.23±0.28 a	6.92±2.48 a	4.52 d	56.44±6.93 c	23.03
A1	12.74±2.04 b	1.12±0.26 ab	4.56±1.05 b	7.48 a	63.77±5.71 a	26.06
A2	14.13±1.89 a	1.13±0.31 ab	5.04±0.77 b	6.23 c	63.42±5.57 ab	25.87
A3	13.17±1.85 ab	1.04±0.26 bc	5.17±1.36 b	6.88 b	60.26±6.42 ab	24.60
A4	13.11±1.24 ab	0.92±0.15 c	5.32±1.34 b	7.48 a	66.01±6.32 a	26.96

桑枝木屑栽培茶树菇配方研究

Research on the Formula of Agrocybe aegerita Cultivated with Mulberry Wood Chips

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参考文献 18

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配方	棉籽壳	木屑	玉米芯	桑枝木屑	麦麸	石灰
CK	80%	0	0	0	19%	1%
A1	10%	20%	30%	20%	19%	1%
A2	20%	20%	0	40%	19%	1%
A3	0	20%	0	60%	19%	1%
A4	0	0	0	80%	19%	1%

配方	棉籽壳	木屑	玉米芯	桑枝木屑	麦麸	石灰
CK	80%	0	0	0	19%	1%
A1	10%	20%	30%	20%	19%	1%
A2	20%	20%	0	40%	19%	1%
A3	0	20%	0	60%	19%	1%
A4	0	0	0	80%	19%	1%

配方	每袋总成本/元	每袋平均产值/元	每袋平均收益/元	投入产出比
CK	1.37	2.03	0.66	1∶1.48
A1	1.09	2.30	1.21	1∶2.12
A2	1.14	2.28	1.15	1∶2.01
A3	1.06	2.17	1.11	1∶2.05
A4	1.06	2.38	1.32	1∶2.25

配方	棉籽壳	木屑	玉米芯	桑枝木屑	麦麸	石灰
CK	80%	0	0	0	19%	1%
A1	10%	20%	30%	20%	19%	1%
A2	20%	20%	0	40%	19%	1%
A3	0	20%	0	60%	19%	1%
A4	0	0	0	80%	19%	1%

配方	棉籽壳	木屑	玉米芯	桑枝木屑	麦麸	石灰
CK	80%	0	0	0	19%	1%
A1	10%	20%	30%	20%	19%	1%
A2	20%	20%	0	40%	19%	1%
A3	0	20%	0	60%	19%	1%
A4	0	0	0	80%	19%	1%

配方	棉籽壳	木屑	玉米芯	桑枝木屑	麦麸	石灰
CK	80%	0	0	0	19%	1%
A1	10%	20%	30%	20%	19%	1%
A2	20%	20%	0	40%	19%	1%
A3	0	20%	0	60%	19%	1%
A4	0	0	0	80%	19%	1%

配方	棉籽壳	木屑	玉米芯	桑枝木屑	麦麸	石灰
CK	80%	0	0	0	19%	1%
A1	10%	20%	30%	20%	19%	1%
A2	20%	20%	0	40%	19%	1%
A3	0	20%	0	60%	19%	1%
A4	0	0	0	80%	19%	1%