关键词: 乙酰胆碱酯酶, 有机磷, 氨基甲酸酯, 生物碱类, 选择性抑制剂

Abstract: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a key enzyme in the biological nerve conduction, and its main function is to terminate the transmission of nerve impulses by hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) in cholinergic synapses. Organophosphate and carbamate insecticides are the most common acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, although they played a key role in pest control, they might be harmful to other non-target creatures such as human, mammal, etc. Thus it would be critical to develop efficient acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, which only interact with target creatures like pests. This paper reviewed the advances in acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as organophosphate and carbamate, alkaloids inhibitors, and some novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, which would provide reference for development of  safe  acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.

Key words: acetylcholinesterase, organophosphate, carbamate, alkaloids, selective inhibitors