关键词: 黄曲霉毒素, 致毒机理, 降解方法, 生物安全

Abstract:

Aflatoxins （AFTs） are potent carcinogens produced by multiple strains of the Aspergillus genus， which show extremely high stability in different harsh environments， so it is also considered to be one of the most important dietary risk factor for humans and animals. Furthermore， other toxic materials may also be generated in the degradation process of AFTs， and the degradation methods might destroy the structure of nutrients， and then decrease the quality of products ultimately. The contamination of aflatoxins places a huge burden on global health systems and the food industry. Although there are many ways to degrade aflatoxins， there is still no way to solve the problem of aflatoxins pollution perfectly， so searching for a technology which can eradicate aflatoxins effectively and safely has become a research hotspot for contemporary researchers. In this article， we summarized the mechanism of aflatoxin toxicity and reviewed several methods of AFTs degradation. We also summarized the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques， in which the research progress of using biological methods and nanomaterials to remove AFTs was recaptitulated systematically. At present， the use of biotechnological means and nanomaterials to degrade aflatoxins has commendable biosafety and efficiency， so the generation of new degradation techniques in the future might revolve around this. Therefore， this paper attempted to support researchers to develop new degradation methods of AFTs.

Key words: aflatoxin, toxicity mechanism, degradation method, biosecurity