关键词: 肺外结核病, 结核分枝杆菌, 微生物学诊断, 分子生物学检测

Abstract: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis refers to tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection, which occurs in organs and locations other than the lungs. In recent years, the incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is increasing gradually, and patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis who fail to receive early and effective treatment may have serious consequences, such as deformity, paraplegia and even death. Microbiological detection is very important for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis from the perspective of etiology. Based on this, the general situation and application progress of microbiological diagnosis methods including bacteriological examination methods, Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen detection and molecular biology detection in recent years were summarized, and the advantages, disadvantages and applicable scope of these detection methods were analyzed and compared, in order to provide relevant information for the future research of etiological diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Key words: extrapulmonary tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, microbiological diagnosis, molecular biological detection